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December 2024 Abstracts
Biofilm
attachment and mineralizing potential of contemporary
Suad Shamieh, dds, ms, Apoena Aguiar Ribeiro, dds, ms, phd, Taiseer Sulaiman, dds, phd,
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate
and compare: (1) the effect of the bacterial biofilm on the dentin mineral
density at the restoration-tooth interface and (2) the mineralization potential
of three resin-based restorative materials (RBRM). Methods: 16 extracted
human molars free of caries and cracks were collected and stored for
disinfection. Each tooth received two standardized Class II preparations with
the cervical margin placed in dentin. Teeth were secured into a dentiform with
adjacent natural teeth to ensure interproximal contact. All tooth preparations
were hybridized using a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system (OptiBond FL)
and assigned randomly to three experimental groups according to the RBRM (n=
8): Group A - a nanofill resin composite (Filtek Supreme Ultra); Group B - a
high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composite (Tetric Powerfill); Group C - a
low-viscosity bulk-fill resin composite (SureFil SDR flow+ bulk-fill); and a
positive control: Group D - bioactive resin composite (Activa
Bioactive-Restorative). All materials were used according to manufacturers’
instructions. All specimens were subjected to two distinct challenges: first,
thermomechanical cycling was performed within 24 hours of restoring the
specimens to simulate 1 year of masticatory function. Subsequently, the
specimens were stored for 18 days in a laboratory biofilm model to promote
biofilm formation and to mimic the effects of tooth demineralization. Two
sessions of micro-CT imaging were conducted: the first immediately after the
thermomechanical cycling and the second post-exposure to the biofilm model. All
data on mineral profile measurements reconstructed in the Perkin-Elmer Quantum
GX-II CT were transferred to Image J software for analysis and interpretation.
The ANOVA test (P< 0.05) was used to analyze the mineral density values and
mean mineral loss values for each group. Results: No statistically
significant difference in mean mineral loss value (mean ΔZ) was found
between the groups (P= 0.209). Regardless, increased mean ΔZ variation was
found between SureFil SDR flow+ (-56.95) and the remaining groups, Filtek
Supreme Ultra, Tetric Powerfill and Activa Bioactive (-1.17, -1.41, and -7.97,
respectively), showing, within the limits of the present laboratory study, the
remineralization potential of SureFil SDR flow+. All tested RBRM demonstrated
some remineralization capacity under caries risk conditions. (Am J Dent 2024;37:279-287).
Clinical significance: The
mineralization potential of some resin-based composites under caries-risk
conditions can represent a paradigm shift in restorative material selection for
moderate-to-high-risk patients.
Mail: Dr.
Adalberto B. Vasconcellos, Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of
Operative Dentistry and Biomaterials, University of North Carolina School of
Dentistry, 433 Brauer Hall, CB #7450, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. E-mail:
bert_vasconcellos@unc.edu
The
effect of different beverages on the surface characteristics
Nuran
Yanikoğlu, dds, phd, Nihan
Kaya, dds, phd, Büşra Tosun, dds, Zeynep Yeşil,
dds, phd
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the effects of various
beverages on surface roughness and microhardness of PEEK and PEKK polymers. Methods: Rectangular-shaped PEEK and PEKK polymers were fabricated and examined in the
study. The specimens were immersed for 28 days at 37ºC in red wine, coffee, and
distilled water. The surface microhardness (Vickers microhardness tester) and
roughness (profilometry) measurements of the polymers were performed before and
after immersion. The Kolmogorov test was used to evaluate the normal
distribution of the variables. Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare
independent groups and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used to compare two
dependent groups (P< 0.05). Results: Acidic beverages adversely
affected the properties of the tested materials. The microhardness of tested
materials was significantly decreased after immersion in the various beverages,
whereas surface roughness was increased except for distilled water. (Am J
Dent 2024;37:293-296).
Clinical
significance: Removable partial dentures can be
exposed to chemical agents found in acidic beverages either intermittently or
continuously, and this may lead to chemical degradation and changes in surface
properties of the denture framework. With the developments in dentistry,
framework materials are also developing and diversifying. The clinical
performance of PEEK and PEKK polymer-based frameworks is still uncertain.
Mail: Dr. Büşra Tosun, Department
of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Abant İzzet Baysal University,
Bolu, Turkey. E-mail: dtbusra86@hotmail.com
Color match and
stability of single-shade resin-based composites
Franciele
Floriani, dds, ms, phd, Akimasa Tsujimoto, dds, phd, Carlos
A. Jurado, dds, ms,
Abstract:
Purpose: To
evaluate the color match and stability of single-shade resin-based composites
(RBCs) in Class V restorations before and after ultra-violet light artificial
aging. Methods: Acrylic resin teeth of A1 and A3 were randomly assigned
into seven groups to be restored with single-shade RBCs and universal-shade
RBCs, shades A1 and A3. Standardized Class V cavities were restored using RBC
and underwent accelerated aging for 480 hours. The color differences between
RBC and Class V restorations for A1 and A3 were evaluated before and after
artificial aging using a spectrophotometer. Results: All single-shade
RBCs better color-matched the A1 tooth (P= 0.10 to P= 0.32), while
universal-shade RBCs color better matched the A3 tooth (P= 0.03 to P= 0.87).
Omnichroma was the only single-shade RBC that also color-matched the A3 tooth (P=
0.03). There was a statistically significant difference when comparing
measurements before and after the aging only for Vittra APS Unique (P= 0.047)
and Omnichroma (P= 0.038) and the A3 tooth. (Am J Dent 2024;37:297-302).
Clinical significance: When restoring Class V in teeth color A1,
single-shade RBCs demonstrated comparable color matching to multi-shade resin
composites even after 4 simulated years of service, however universal-shade
RBCs were better options to restore Class V in teeth color A3.
Mail: Prof. Akimasa Tsujimoto,
Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin
University, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8651, Japan. E-mail: aki-tj@dpc.agu.ac.jp
Periapical
health in Type 1 diabetes mellitus patients with good glycemic
Selin Göker Kamali, dds, Parla Meva Durmazpinar, dds, phd, Dilek Turkaydin, dds, phd
Abstract:
Purpose: To investigate the relationship
between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1-DM) and apical periodontitis (AP). The
periapical and endodontic conditions of T1-DM individuals were compared with
healthy people. Methods: T1-DM subjects aged 18-45 with good glycemic
control (HbA1c < 7) were included in this research. Individuals without
systemic disease, twice as many as diabetic patients, were selected as the
control group by matching them in terms of age and gender. The subjects'
periapical and endodontic statuses were determined by assessing their existing
digital panoramic radiographs. Results: This study included 226 subjects
with T1-DM, 101 males and 125 females (30.78 ± 8.59 years). For the control
group, 452 subjects without systemic disease, 224 males and 228 females (30.26
± 8.64 years) were selected. The mean number of teeth in the control group was
significantly higher than in the T1-DM group (P = 0.001). However, no
significant difference was found between the T1-DM and control groups in terms
of endodontic and periapical conditions (P > 0.05). Bivariate logistic
regression analysis revealed a positive association between T1-DM and the
number of teeth with AP only (P = 0.001; OR = 1.476). There was no association
between T1-DM and endodontic conditions or other periapical health-related variables.(Am J Dent 2024;37:303-306).
Clinical significance: T1-DM patients lost more teeth than the control
individuals. As the number of teeth with AP increased, individuals were more
likely to be in the T1-DM group. Healthcare professionals should inform
patients with Type 1 diabetes about oral health for a better quality of life.
Mail:
Dr. Selin Goker Kamali, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry,
Marmara University, Istanbul, 0090 216 4211621, Turkey. E-mail: dtselingoker@gmail.com
Hardness,
roughness, and compressive strength of different filled resin composites after
thermal aging and bleaching procedures
Seda Üstün
Aladağ, dds
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the effect of aging
and bleaching on the physico-mechanical properties of the different filled
resin composites. Methods: Samples of resin composites [Arabesk (A),
G-aenial Anterior (G), i-LIGHT N (I) and Palfique Estelite Paste (P)] were
first divided into two subgroups. Thermal aging was applied to half of the
samples. Then, fresh and aged samples were divided into three subgroups (n= 8):
control (C) (no treatment), office bleaching (O), home bleaching (H), thermal
aging (T), thermal aging +office bleaching (TO) and thermal aging +home
bleaching (TH). The microhardness (kg/mm2), surface roughness (µm),
and compressive strength (MPa) values were measured. The data were analyzed
with 3‑way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc pairwise comparison tests (P<
0.05). Results: T significantly decreased the hardness and increased the
roughness of all the resin composites (P< 0.05). The compressive strength of
all resin composites decreased after aging. O and H increased the roughness of
the A, I and P (P< 0.001). H increased the microhardness of the G (P<
0.05). (Am J Dent 2024;37:307-312).
Clinical significance: Thermal aging and bleaching agents adversely affected
the hardness, roughness, and compressive strength of the nonaged composites
tested. Bleaching agents have less effect on the physico-mechanical properties
of aged composites. Therefore, bleaching can be a safe and conservative
esthetic treatment plan for patients who have long-standing composite
restorations.
Mail: Dr. Seda Üstün Aladağ, Bursa
Uludağ University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics,
16059, Bursa, Turkey. E-mail: sedaustun@uludag.edu.tr
Assessment
of correlation between the Modified Schirmer Test
Jingwei Cai, ma, ms, Ire Ju, bs, Samuel Madden, bs, Rylan Jones, bs, Franklin Garcia-Godoy, dds, ms, phd, phd,
Abstract:
Purpose: To
evaluate the efficacy and subjects’ perception of the Modified Schirmer Test
(MST) to the traditional Unstimulated Salivary Flow Test (USFT) when measuring
salivary flow rate for screening and monitoring patients’ dry mouth. Methods: A total of 100 subjects were enrolled including subjects with and without dry
mouth. All subjects answered a brief self-reported survey about dry mouth
before and after the two types of saliva tests and their preference for the
type of test administered. The order of performing MST and USFT were
randomized. MST was conducted by the clinician holding a Schirmer strip paper
at the bottom of the subject’s mouth for 1 minute. USFT was measured by having
the subject spit any accumulating saliva into a medicine cup for 5 minutes.
Correlation analyses were conducted to test the relationship between MST and
USFT using the Pearson correlation coefficient. All analyses were performed at
a P< 0.05. Results: A significant positive correlation existed
between the two salivary flow tests (r= 0.556, P< 0.001). Most of the
subjects (79%) preferred the MST while 6% preferred USFT; 15% reported no
preference. A negative association between MST and USFT with age indicated that
as age increased, subjects’ salivary flow rate results for both types of tests
decreased (r= - 0.287, P= 0.004). (Am J Dent 2024;37:313-316).
Clinical significance: MST provides dental care providers with an effective,
economical, easy-to-perform, and patient-preferred method to screen and monitor
salivary flow rate.
Mail: Dr. So Ran Kwon, Division of
General Dentistry, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, 11092 Anderson
St. PH #4403, Loma Linda, CA, 92350 USA. E-mail: sorankwon@llu.edu
Two-year
clinical performance of an alkasite direct restorative material
Funda
Öztürk-Bozkurt, dds, phd, Tuğba
Toz-Akalin, dds, phd, Alev
Özsoy-Kaner, dds, phd,
Abstract:
Purpose: To
evaluate the clinical performance of an alkasite material for Class I and Class
II cavities. Methods: 50 subjects (30 females, 20 males; mean age: 28.7)
referred to the Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medipol University, Dental
School, Istanbul, Turkey, received 89 Class I and II restorations (Cention N)
by two trained operators. All restorations were made in bulk application
without an adhesive resin and without photo-polymerization. Results: 65 restorations
were followed in 37 subjects at a 2-year recall. The mean observation period
was 27.6 months. 24 restorations (13 subjects) were not followed up at 2-year
recall and were considered as drop out. The restorations were made either due
to primary caries (n= 73) or restoration replacement (n= 16). 89 restorations
were placed of which 51 were in the maxilla and 38 in the mandible. In deep
cavities, a cavity liner was applied (with n= 53; without n= 36).
Hypersensitivity was observed in nine cases that disappeared at the latest
after 1 month. No debonding, no fracture, and no endodontic complications were
observed at 6-month and 1-year recalls whereas four partial retention losses
and one pulpal complication occurred at the 2-year recall. The overall survival
rate was 88.9% with a mean observation time of 27.6 months (Kaplan-Meier, Log
Rank; Mantel-Cox) (95%CI=31.07-32.25). (Am J Dent 2024;37:317-324).
Clinical significance: This study provided promising evidence for
application of alkasite material applied in bulk without retentive features,
etching or an adhesive system.
Mail: Prof. Dr. Funda
Öztürk-Bozkurt, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Istanbul
Medipol University, Unkapanı, Atatürk Bulvarı 34083, Fatih, Istanbul,
Turkey. E-mail: fbozkurt@medipol.edu.tr
Review
Article
Denture
biofilm increases respiratory diseases in the elderly.
Janaina Gomes Maciel, dds, msc, phd, Anna Clara Gurgel Gomes,
dds, msc,
Abstract: Purpose: This
mini-review discusses the clinical implication of respiratory pathogens in the
biofilm on acrylic resin removable dentures in the elderly. Methods: A
search was conducted using the keywords: “dentures”, “acrylic resin”,
“biofilm”, “pneumonia”, “elderly”, “respiratory pathogens”, and “respiratory
diseases” in databases PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, SciELO and textbooks between
1999 and 2024. Results: The elderly are more susceptible to chronic
diseases and/or life-threatening infections because of senescence itself and functional and
degenerative alterations. Respiratory tract diseases (such as pneumonia) are of
greater concern in the elderly because they have been associated with the
aspiration of food and oral pathogens and with reflux. This relationship is
more aggravating in the presence of removable dentures, common in the elderly
after the sixth decade of life, since denture biofilm is a reservoir of
respiratory pathogens. Lack of manual dexterity and visual acuity negatively
interfere with denture cleaning and favor pathogenic denture biofilm
maturation. Reduced salivary flow, a more acidic pH, and a reduced cough reflex
associated with poor denture cleaning increase the potential of denture biofilm
infections and aspiration pneumonia, which is related to a high mortality rate
in the elderly. To prevent respiratory diseases in this population, measures to
control denture biofilm should be adopted, such as the superficial or intrinsic
modification of the acrylic resin denture bases and the use of effective
methods of denture cleaning. (Am J Dent 2024;37:288-292).
Clinical significance: Respiratory pathogens colonizing denture biofilm can
be aspirated into the respiratory tract, increasing the risk of respiratory
infections, especially in the elderly. The knowledge of health professionals on
methods of biofilm control can prevent respiratory diseases in elderly denture
wearers.
Mail: Dr. Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Al. Octávio Pinheiro Brisola, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil. E-mail: khnepp@yahoo.com.br
